Comparative Legal Analysis of the Legislation of the Republic of Korea and the Republic of Uzbekistan on Administrative Offenses: Ways to Modernize National Administrative Legislation
Annotation / Abstract
Abstract. This article provides a comparative legal analysis of the legislation on administrative offenses and the grounds for administrative responsibility in the Republic of Korea and the Republic of Uzbekistan. During the study, the advanced experience of South Korea was examined, particularly the digitalization of administrative procedures, the specific features of the fine system, and effective mechanisms for preventing offenses. Based on the analytical results, scientific and practical proposals and recommendations have been developed for the improvement and modernization of the national administrative legislation of Uzbekistan, the liberalization of penalties, and the implementation of foreign experience.
Full text
Ma'muriy-huquqbuzarliklar to'g'risidagi qonunchilikni modernizatsiya qilish, jamoat xavfsizligini ta'minlash va xorijiy davlatlar tajribasini qiyosiy-huquqiy tadqiq etish masalalari xalqaro va milliy yuridik fanda doimo diqqat markazida bo'lib kelgan.
Biroq, Koreya Respublikasi va O'zbekiston qonunchilik tizimlarining preventiv (profilaktik) salohiyatini raqamli transformatsiya sharoitida qiyosiy tahlil qilishga bag'ishlangan yaxlit tadqiqotlar ko'lami yetarli emas. Ushbu muammoning turli jihatlari yuzasidan bildirilgan ilmiy qarashlarni quyidagicha guruhlash va ularga nisbatan mualliflik munosabatini bildirish maqsadga muvofiq:
Koreyalik olim Park Sang-chul o'z tadqiqotlarida Koreya Respublikasining ma'muriy huquq tizimi to'liq raqamlashtirilgan nazorat va intizomiy choralar (smart-sanksiyalar) ustiga qurilganini, bu tizim huquqbuzarliklarni sodir etilish bosqichidayoq to'xtatishda (real-time prevention) yuqori samaradorlikka ega ekanligini ta'kidlaydi. Uning fikricha, ma'muriy sanksiyalar ijtimoiy xavflilik darajasiga qarab avtomatlashtirilgan algoritmlar orqali qo'llanilishi lozim [3].
S. Parkning ma'muriy jarayonlarni to'liq avtomatlashtirish va algoritmlarga topshirish g'oyasini yuqori baholagan holda, uning ushbu yondashuvini ma'muriy-huquqiy munosabatlarda inson huquqlari kafolati nuqtayi nazaridan biroz cheklovchi deb hisoblaymiz. Ma'muriy huquqbuzarlik to'g'risidagi ishlarni yuritishda subyektiv tomon (shaxsning aybi, motivi va moddiy sharoiti) faqat inson omili (sudya yoki vakolatli mansabdor shaxs) tomonidan to'g'ri baholanishi mumkin. Koreya modelining raqamli monitoring tizimini (masalan, intellektual videokuzatuv) qabul qilishimiz mumkin, biroq jazo muqarrarligini mexanik algoritmlarga mutloq topshirish milliy huquqiy mentalitetimiz va insonparvarlik prinsiplarimizga qisman zid keladi.
References
Foydalanilgan manbalar
- O'zbekiston Respublikasi Prezidentining 2026-yil 16-fevraldagi PF-21-son "Mamlakat taraqqiyotining 2030 yilgacha mo'ljallangan ustuvor yo'nalishlari doirasida islohotlarni izchil davom ettirish va yangi bosqichga olib chiqishning qo'shimcha chora-tadbirlari to'g'risida"gi farmoni // https://lex.uz/docs/8050769.
- Minor Offences Act – Korean LII. http://www.koreanlii.or.kr/w/index.php/Minor_Offences_Act
- Park, Sang-chul. Administrative Law and Digital Governance in South Korea: Smart Sanctions and Algorithmic Regulation. Seoul National University Law Press, 2022. – pp. 145–168.
- Kwon, Kim. The Principle of Administrative Procedures and Legal Hygiene in East Asian Jurisdictions // Journal of Comparative Administrative Law. Vol. 14, No. 3, 2023. – pp. 89–112.
- Odilqoriyev, X. T. Davlat va huquq nazariyasi: Modernizatsiya va qonunchilikni kodifikatsiyalash masalalari. Darslik. – Toshkent: Adolat, 2021. – 432 b.
- Ismailov, I. Kriminologiya: Huquqbuzarliklar profilaktikasi va ijtimoiy reabilitatsiya tizimining samaradorligi // Tahliliy tadqiqotlar jurnali. 2023. – № 2. – 45–52-b.
- Islomov, Z. M. Qiyosiy huquqshunoslik (Solishtirma huquq): Huquqiy tizimlar transformatsiyasi va huquqiy mentalitet. – Toshkent: TDYUU nashriyoti, 2020. – 315 b.
- The Community Service Order in Korea / Woo Sik Chung. https://www.unafei.or.jp/publications/pdf/RS_No61/No61_18VE_Chung1.pdf
- Minor Offences Act – KoreanLII. http://www.koreanlii.or.kr/w/index.php?title=Minor_Offences_Act&diff=30391&oldid=778
- Punishment of Minor Offenses Act. https://elaw.klri.re.kr/eng_service/lawView.do?lang=ENG&hseq=37480
- Sipes, Emily. Harmless Flirting or Deadly Obsession: Addressing Stalking and Victim Protections in South Korea. https://www.thegwilr.org/s/CSipes_5612.pdf
- O'zbekiston Respublikasining 20.02.2025-yildagi "Yo'l harakati xavfsizligi tizimi takomillashtirilishi munosabati bilan O'zbekiston Respublikasining Jinoyat, Jinoyat-protsessual kodekslariga hamda O'zbekiston Respublikasining Ma'muriy javobgarlik to'g'risidagi kodeksiga qo'shimcha va o'zgartirishlar kiritish haqida"gi O'RQ-1033-son Qonuni // https://lex.uz/uz/docs/-7392575.
- Driver's License > Cancelation and Suspension of Driver's License due to Traffic Infringe – Easy to Find, Practical Law. https://www.easylaw.go.kr/CSM/CsmOvSave.laf?csmSeq=851&ccfNo=4&cciNo=1&cnpClsNo=2
- O'zbekiston Respublikasining Ma'muriy javobgarlik to'g'risidagi kodeksi // https://lex.uz/uz/docs/-7392575
- Endilikda yo'l harakati qoidabuzarliklari uchun hisoblangan jarima ballari belgilangan miqdordan oshsa, haydovchi transport vositalarini boshqarish huquqidan mahrum qilinishidan xabaringiz bormi? – Lex.uz – Huquqiy tushuntirishlar // https://lex.uz/uz/explanation/386
APA
Vancouver
Authors
O‘zbekiston Respublikasi Jamoat xavfsizligi universiteti